Bearing failure is the most common reason for a fan failure which is why bearing selection is so important. The bearing failure can be caused by multiple factors including lack of lubrication, excessive temperature or direct damage (excessive shock/vibration). A two ball bearing fan is most robust and better sealed to prevent the leak of the lubrication fluid than some of the other bearing systems. All fans typically will get noisier and rotate slower as the bearing systems wear which can be a good indicator of pending bearing failure.
Ball Bearings are generally considered to be the highest quality bearing option for fans. Under normal operating conditions you can expect 90% of a given group of ball bearing fans to still be operating within specifications after 8 years of continuous use. In addition, ball bearings have the highest temperature ratings (-70C ~ +80C) available. It is a common belief that ball bearing fans are noisier than other bearing alternatives but in our testing we have not found this to be the case and make no noise distinction on our specification sheets between ball bearing vs. other bearing types.
Please be aware that some manufacturers utilize a single ball bearing as opposed to the more common Dual Ball Bearing in order to cut costs. Not all are up front about this practice and the fans have a shorter life expectancy. It is common to expect a useful life from an Orion fan of 60,000 - 70,000 hours (L10) under normal operating conditions (-40 ~ 50C at 75% RH). As a general rule however the life expectancy will normally increase when the temperature of the environment is cooler.
Other bearing choices, like sleeve or single ball are susceptibility to impact damage which is
why they cannot support the high life requirement of most applications. Two ball bearing systems also require less power to start rotation as they have less stiction (starting friction) than other bearing systems which means the minimum starting power can be achieved with a lower current.
Sleeve bearing fans are a less expensive and less robust alternative to Ball Bearing fans. You can expect 90% of your sleeve bearing fans to be operating within specifications after 3 - 4 years of continuous use. Sleeve type fans should only be mounted vertically (Air stream parallel to the ground). Mounting them in other orientations can cause the bearing lubricant to leak out and will cause premature failure.
Sealed Sleeve Bearing - Several manufacturers including Orion fans have added this type to their list of bearing options. Essentially this is a standard Sleeve Bearing with an oil collection cup that catches the lubricant as it exits the bearing and recirculates it back into the fan thereby extending the fan life. It is slightly more expensive than a standard sleeve and slightly less expensive than a ball bearing and has a life expectancy somewhere between the two.
See also:
Sources with further information - Orion Fans Technical Terms & Wakefield DC Server Fans
DigiKey Fans & Accessories Selection
Fan Noise Decibel Reference
What makes a Fan noisy
Fan Bearing Types
Fan Bearings & Longevity
Differences between sleeve and ball bearings on fans
CUI Devices omniCOOL™ C, CF, V Series Fan Comparison & Life Expectancy